A Writer's Take On A Writer [Book Review]

In Cheever, A Life, Blake Bailey combines a biography with some literary criticism. Weighing in at 679 pages, it is an even-handed and meticulously researched picture of this fiction writer best known for short stories. Bailey's authority comes from his knowledge of John Cheever’s writing and access to his unpublished journals. Although it pains me to say this, in general writers make boring nonfiction characters.They are of deep interest only to biographers and close family. In this case, however, the troubled man-boy who never finished high school made both a mess and magic out of his personal life, creating enough controversy to carry a story.


Cheever was bisexual and an alcoholic who raised and supported a family by cranking out short stories, and the occasional novel. He got his start at 18 with a short story in the New Yorker, but it took him 20 more years to finish his first novel. The Wapshot Chronicle won the National Book Award in 1958. A collection of his short fiction, themed mostly around the emotional emptiness of suburban life, won the Pulitzer and National Book Award in 1978. His last and perhaps best novel, The Falconer, was written without the support of alcohol. Cheever's family life also provided plenty of writing material for his daughter, Susan Cheever.

The drama in Cheever’s life revolved around an unrequited desire for admiration and the twin cravings of what he viewed as immoral sex and alcohol. He wanted both the freedom to behave badly and that old family, New England respectability. “You are a Cheevah,” he would tell his children. Yet beneath this defensive mask, his lack of education and middle-class background embarrassed him. He told stories about his family that recast the ugly facts into myths: his father, a failed businessman and a drunk had once been a successful sea captain; his mother, who supported the family financially but not emotionally, was a descendant of a wealthy New England family. As Bailey writes:

The part that shamed Cheever - the part he sometimes took pains to conceal - was a dreadful suspicion that his family had become poor and outcast not as a result of some stylish revolt against “piss-pot” respectability, but because they were, at bottom, strange and vulgar people.

It is difficult to recommend a book this long. The writing is very good but not necessarily on the level of the best literary non-fiction writers like Robert Caro. The narrative contains only modest tension and the supporting characters are less well-developed. The Susan Cheever, which this reviewer has met, seems different from the Susan on the page. Perhaps because of the focus on Cheever’s writing, including some excellent criticism, there is less space for the historical context. Yet the small, chronological chapters, in chunks of a few years, can be read as self-contained short stories. This is definitely a book you can sample and not feel guilty.

The story of Cheever’s life cycles between art and chaos: great artistic decisions and poor personal decisions. He was driven by insecurity and the fear of ending up a failure like his father. That art can arise from apparently infertile ground is amazing.

As Frederico [his youngest son] pointed out, their father’s talent ‘emanated from the conflict in his soul, and it really isn’t anything he would have wished on anyone else’.

Blake Bailey will be appearing at this year’s Texas Book Festival in a panel called, appropriately, “Writing About Writers”. You can find the complete schedule on their web site.

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